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- WORLD, Page 32DIPLOMACYJust a Little Like Home
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- Iranian Speaker Rafsanjani is feted by Moscow
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- The death of Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini earlier this month
- put pressure on Iran to make some kind of move to break out of
- the diplomatic isolation into which it had become sealed during
- his decade-long xenophobic rule. The main question was which
- direction Tehran would look in first. Last week Ali Akbar
- Hashemi Rafsanjani, the powerful Speaker of Iran's parliament,
- provided the answer. Interrupting his observance of a 40-day
- period of national mourning for the late Imam, Rafsanjani
- arrived in Moscow to an elaborate reception. The visit was the
- beginning of a thaw between neighbors whose relations had been
- frosty for most of Khomeini's rule. Said Rafsanjani after his
- first day: "I already feel almost at home."
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- Though Mikhail Gorbachev initially seemed subdued in
- welcoming Rafsanjani in the St. George Hall of the Kremlin, the
- President was soon smiling and bantering with his guest, the
- highest Iranian official to visit Moscow since the days of the
- Shah. In two meetings, the two sides signed four agreements
- providing for, among other things, a new rail link between
- Soviet Turkmenistan and the northern Iranian city of Mashhad,
- which would help fulfill a longtime Moscow goal of greater
- access to the Persian Gulf. There were discussions, but no
- final accord, on reopening a gas pipeline from Iran to Soviet
- Transcaucasia, which was shut down in 1980. Moscow also
- announced that it would aid Iran in "strengthening (its)
- defense capability," but provided no details. The U.S. has made
- clear its opposition to large-scale shipments of Soviet arms to
- Iran; any such supplies would be viewed with even greater alarm
- by Iraq, which was backed by the Soviets during its eight-year
- war with Iran.
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- Gorbachev views the reconciliation as a way to gain Iran's
- restraint in exporting its brand of religious fundamentalism to
- the Soviet Union's Islamic republics. Rafsanjani said the two
- sides had agreed on a policy of noninterference in each other's
- affairs, but then implied that Moscow could do more for its
- Muslim population. Said he: "Mr. Gorbachev has a long way to go
- in terms of providing people freedoms." Nevertheless,
- Rafsanjani apparently liked what he saw: he added two stops to
- his itinerary -- Leningrad and Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan,
- a republic on the doorstep of Iran with a large population of
- Shi`ite Muslims.
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